UDC 681.518:338.24
Vitaliі Zatserkovnyi, Doctor of Technical Sciences
National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine
USE OF GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING
OF HUNTING SECTOR CONDITIONS
В.І. Зацерковний, д-р техн. наук
Національний авіаційний університет, м. Київ, Україна
впровадження геоінформаційних технологій У моніторинг стану мисливських господарств
В.И. Зацерковный, д-р техн. наук
Национальный авиационный университет, г. Киев, Украина
Внедрение геоинформационных технологий в мониторинг состояния охотничьих хозяйств
The following justification is conducted: necessity of implementation of geoinformation systems (GIS) and geoinformation technologies (GIT) for hunting sector monitoring. Possibilities of the use of geoinformation systems (GIS) as one of the most promising approaches to increase monitoring effectiveness are analyzed; these are the tool for practical implementation of new approaches to monitoring on the basis of spatial mapping of objects that have a certain size and propagation in space and the tool for making effective managerial decisions. Approaches of GIS development for tasks on monitoring of hunting sector state were considered.
Key words: territory, geoinformation systems (GIS), geoinformation technologies (GIT), monitoring.
Проведено обґрунтування необхідності впровадження геоінформаційних систем (ГІС) і геоінформаційних технологій (ГІТ) у моніторинг стану мисливських господарств. Проаналізовано можливості використання ГІС як одного з найбільш перспективних напрямків підвищення ефективності моніторингу, які є інструментом для практичної реалізації нових підходів щодо управління галуззю, моніторингу на основі просторового відображення об’єктів, що мають певні розміри та поширюваність у просторі та прийняття ефективних рішень. Розглянуто загальні підходи щодо створення ГІС для задач моніторингу стану мисливських господарств.
Ключові слова: територія, геоінформаційні системи (ГІС), геоінформаційні технології (ГІТ), моніторинг.
Проведено обоснование необходимости внедрения геоинформационных систем (ГИС) и геоинформационных технологий (ГИТ) в мониторинг охотничьих хозяйств. Проанализированы возможности использования ГИС как одного из наиболее перспективных направлений повышения эффективности мониторинга, которые являются инструментом для практической реализации новых подходов к мониторингу на основе пространственного отображения объектов, имеющих определенные размеры и распространенность в пространстве, и средством принятия эффективных управленческих решений. Рассмотрены подходы создания ГИС для задач мониторинга состояния охотничьих хозяйств.
Ключевые слова: территория, геоинформационные системы (ГИС), геоинформационные технологии (ГИТ), мониторинг.
Problem definition. The problem of territorial organization of hunting sector in Ukraine was always one of the thorny one. Today with sharp stratification of society at the background together with growth of social inequality and high corruption there is a massive acquisition of the best hunting lands by financial and political elite, as well as push of ordinary hunters to underproductive territories which very often become too expensive for majority of Ukrainian hunters.
There is a tendency observed – tendency of massive noncompliance of hunting legislation norms, including remonstrative poach, intentional damage of private hunting households functioning, those households that limit or close access to local hunters.
All that is happening at the background of noticeable weakening of state services of environmental security and resources utilization, particularly animal world that brings discredit to country status as owner of animal world.
During independence period of Ukraine hinting sector works unprofitable, quantity of hunting lands decreases, the limits of hoofed types of hunted animals are not followed, and their kill estimates by 100–200 times less than in countries of European Union. But as it comes from European countries experience, the use of state hunting fund is not profit-loss but profitable thing. Good examples in hunting household keeping show our geographical neighbors – Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic and Bulgaria. For example in Ukraine, territory id which is 604 thousand square kilometers, 1 thousand of deer is killed, as well as 6-8 thousand of wild boars and 5–7 thousand roe deer; and in neighboring Poland which territory is almost twice less (313 thousand square kilometers) they kill 39 times more of deer, 10 times more of wild boars and 17 times more of row deer [1].
Problems existence in this field demand development and scientific justification of set of tools (environment-oriented, managerial, organization-informational as well) that will improve system of hunting resources recovery, increase of use efficiency on the basis of constant development.
Analysis of latest investigations and releases. The development of scientific problematics connected with increase of efficiency of protection, recovery and use of nature resources potential in general and hunting sector particularly grew during past years. The following scientists contributed into its research – V.D. Baytala, I.K. Bystryakov, V.S. Bondar, P.P. Borschevskyi, V.V. Varankin, M.M. Vedmid, S.A. Hensiruk, D.S. Dobryak, S.I. Dorohuntsov and many others.
Development and establishment of GIS the society is obliged to many foreign, soviet, post-soviet and domestic scientists, among which are O.M. Berlyant, L.M. Bugaevskyi, B.S. Busyhin, G. Dangermond, O.O. Ischuk, E.H. Kapralov, Y.K. Korolyov, A.V. Koshkaryov, M. Kumbs, I.K. Lurie, M. de Mers, V.B. Mokin, V.V. Morozov, O.O. Svitslychnyi, E.S. Seredynin, V.S. Tikunov, Z.F. Tomplinson, A.M. Trofimchuk, V.D. Shypulin, V.Y. Tsvetkov anf many others.
Emphasis on previously unsolved parts of general problem. Among main reasons which cause inefficient keeping of hunting industry and slowdown development of hunting sector in Ukraine one can point imperfect state rules and regulations (absence of accurate order of granting into usage of hunting lands, absence of limits of kill, pass-through capacity, norms of hunting animals kill); imperfect legal regulation of activity of state regional hunting management and hunting service in Наукова бібліотека ЧНТУ © 2012